Typically the base that is bolted into a huge concrete pad provides the essential support for a tower crane. The base is attached to a tower or a mast and stabilizes the crane that is attached to the inside of the building's structure. Often, this attachment point is to a concrete lift or to an elevator shaft.
Usually, the mast is a triangulated lattice structure measuring 10 feet square or 0.9m2. The slewing unit is attached to the very top of the mast. The slewing unit consists of a gear and a motor that allows the crane to rotate.
Tower cranes may have a max unsupported height of 80m or 265 feet, while the tower crane's maximum lifting capacity is 16,642 kilograms or 39,690 pounds with counter weights of 20 tons. In addition, two limit switches are used to be able to make sure that the driver does not overload the crane. There is even one more safety feature known as a load moment switch to ensure that the driver does not surpass the ton meter load rating. Last of all, the tower crane has a maximum reach of 70 meters or 230 feet.
There is certainly a science involved with erecting a tower crane, especially due to their extreme heights. First, the stationary structure has to be brought to the construction location by utilizing a big tractor-trailer rig setup. After that, a mobile crane is used so as to assemble the machine portion of the crane and the jib. Afterwards, these parts are attached to the mast. The mobile crane then adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts can be some of the other industrial machines which is used to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane when the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane could match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is referred to as a climbing frame or a top climber which fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. Once complete, the slewing unit is able to detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are utilized to adjust the slewing unit up an extra 6.1m or 20 feet. Next, the crane operator utilizes the crane to insert and bolt into position another mast section piece.